6. Oscillators & waveforms — building a sound from scratch

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A synthesizer makes sound by generating a wiggle electronically. The thing that wiggles is an oscillator, and the shape of its wiggle changes the “color” of the sound:

WaveSounds likeVibe
sinea soft, pure whistlesmooth, gentle
trianglea softer flute-ish tonemellow
squarea hollow, retro video-game tonebuzzy, 8-bit
saw (sawtooth)a bright, buzzy blastrich, aggressive
inst lead = saw        # a bright buzzy lead sound
inst pad  = sine       # a soft pure pad

Real name: oscillator and waveform. The waveform decides which extra hidden tones (harmonics) ride along with the main pitch — that mix of harmonics is the timbre (tone color), why a violin and a trumpet playing the same note still sound different.

Live now: saw (a.k.a. sawtooth), square, sine, and triangle (a.k.a. tri). A pickable noise oscillator isn’t a wave you can name yet (the 808 drum samples already use noise internally for hats and claps).


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